ABSTRACT
Given the increase of women with excess weight or obesity and its possible effects on birth weight, the present study aimed to investigate the association between pregestational maternal body mass index (BMI) and birth weight in a birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. This was a prospective study conducted on 1362 mother-child pairs involving singleton births. The women were evaluated using standardized questionnaires during the second trimester of pregnancy and at the time of childbirth. Information about the newborns was obtained from their medical records. The dependent variable was birth weight, categorized as low, adequate, or high. The independent variable was pregestational maternal BMI, categorized as malnutrition, adequate weight, overweight, and obesity. A multinomial regression model was used to estimate the crude and adjusted relative risk (RR) of low and high birth weight. A high frequency of pregestational excess weight (39.6%) was detected and found to be independently associated with high birth weight (RR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.19-3.80 for overweight and RR=3.34, 95%CI: 1.80-6.19 for obese pregnant women). There was no association between pregestational malnutrition and low birth weight (RR=1.70; 95%CI: 0.81-3.55). The present data showed a high rate of women with excess pregestational weight, supporting the hypothesis that pregestational BMI may contribute to high birth weight babies and indicating the need for actions aiming to prevent excessive weight in women at reproductive age.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Young Adult , Birth Weight , Body Mass Index , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Brazil/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Overweight/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiologyABSTRACT
During pregnancy, metabolic changes that develop in women may increase the risk of diseases and conditions that may also harm the life of the growing fetus. The aim of the present study was to identify and compare the metabolic profile (MP) during pregnancy in two birth cohorts in 2010 in the cities of Ribeirão Preto (RP) and São Luís (SL), Brazil. Pregnant women (1393 in RP and 1413 in SL) were studied; information was obtained through questionnaires in addition to anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure measurements. Data are presented as means and proportions. To compare the characteristics of pregnant women in both cities, chi-squared and Student's t-tests were applied, with 5% significance level. Ribeirão Preto presented higher mean values than SL for pre-gestational body mass index (24.5 vs 23 kg/m2, P<0.001), systolic (108.4 vs 102.8 mmHg, P<0.001) and diastolic (65.9 vs 61.8 mmHg, P<0.001) blood pressure, total cholesterol (226.3 vs 213.7 mg/dL, P<0.001) and fractions, and glycemia (84.5 vs 80.2 mg/dL, P<0.001), except for triglycerides (P=0.135). Women from RP also showed higher rates of pre-gestational overweight and obesity compared with SL (40.1 vs 25.8%). In the present study, pregnant women in RP had a worse gestational metabolic profile than those in SL, with higher pre-gestational excess weight, indicating that nutritional transition was more advanced in the more developed city.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Pregnancy/metabolism , Metabolome , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Cohort Studies , CitiesSubject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Anthropometry , Birth Weight , Gestational Age , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los niños con Síndrome de Down, nacidos en el Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá durante el período febrero 1988-diciembre 1990 y su relación con la edad materna. Sobre un total de 17973 nacimientos vivos y muertos se detectaron 42 niños con Síndrome de Down, correspondiendo a una incidencia total de 2.3 por ciento. Se los clasificó según edad materna y se calculó la incidencia en cada uno de los grupos etarios. En base a los resultados de este trabajo, que no difieren de los publicados por otros autores, se propone la implementación del diagnóstico cromosómico prenatal como un método más para la evaluación de la salud perinatal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Maternal Age , Prenatal Diagnosis , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Down Syndrome/diagnosis , Down Syndrome/epidemiology , Down Syndrome/etiologyABSTRACT
Del 1-7-76 al 31-12-78 se estudiaron en el Hospital Municipal Materno Infantil "Ramon Sarda" 9.536 RN vivos de 25 semanas de edad gestacional y/o mas de 500 gr de peso de nacimiento para detectar y evaluar los factores que contribuyen a la mortalidad neonatal. La tasa de mortalidad neonatal (TMN) en mayores de 1000 gr fue de 13,7% y excluyendo malformados graves 9,8%. Se encontro relacion significativa entre la TMN especifica y las siguientes variables: edad materna, paridad, embarazo multiple, metrorragias, presentacion pelviana, liquido amniotico meconial, operacion pelviana, edad gestacional, peso de nacimiento y puntaje de Apgar al 1o. y 5o. minuto. El 33% de las defunciones se produjen en la Sala de Reanimacion y el 54% en las primeras 24 horas. Las principales causas de muerte fueron inmadurez mas prematurez (36%) y asfixia intraparto (22%)